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                        <h2><i class="fa fa-laptop"></i> ABA<span> THERAPY</span></h2>
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                            <h5>APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS</h5>
                            <p><strong>ABA THERAPY</strong></p>
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                            <p>ABA is evidence based science which focuses on strengthening the desirable behavior and weakening the undesirable behavior through various behavioral interventions based on reinforcement. It is commonly practiced as a therapeutic intervention for individuals with autism. According to center of autism, ABA helps the autistic client improve social interaction, learn new skills and maintain positive behavior.</p>
                            
                            <p>&raquo; To address language learning issues</p>
                            <p>&raquo; Maintain Data records of behavioral interventions</p>
                            <p>&raquo; Encourage socially acceptable behavior (Replacing socially unacceptable behavior for more socially acceptable behavior)</p>
                            <p>&raquo; Use age appropriate reinforcement to enhance positive behavior</p>
                            <p>&raquo; Improve eye contact, sitting span and imitation of the client</p>
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Applied:</u></strong> ABA focuses on the social significance of the behavior studied. For example, a non-applied researcher may study eating behavior because this research helps to clarify metabolic processes, whereas the applied researcher may study eating behavior in individuals who eat too little or too much, trying to change such behavior so that it is more acceptable to the persons involved.</p>
                            
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Behavioral:</u></strong> ABA is pragmatic; it asks how it is possible to get an individual to do something effectively. To answer this question, the behavior itself must be objectively measured. Verbal descriptions are treated as behavior in themselves, and not as substitutes for the behavior described.</p> 
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Analytic:</u></strong> Behavior analysis is successful when the analyst understands and can manipulate the events that control a target behavior. This may be relatively easy to do in the lab, where a researcher is able to arrange the relevant events, but it is not always easy, or ethical, in an applied situation.[35] Baer et al. outline two methods that may be used in applied settings to demonstrate control while maintaining ethical standards. These are the reversal design and the multiple baseline design. In the reversal design, the experimenter first measures the behavior of choice, introduces an intervention, and then measures the behavior again. Then, the intervention is removed, or reduced, and the behavior is measured yet again. The intervention is effective to the extent that the behavior changes and then changes back in response to these manipulations. The multiple baseline method may be used for behaviors that seem irreversible. Here, several behaviors are measured and then the intervention is applied to each in turn. The effectiveness of the intervention is revealed by changes in just the behavior to which the intervention is being applied.</p>
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Technological:</u></strong> The description of analytic research must be clear and detailed, so that any competent researcher can repeat it accurately.Cooper et al. describe a good way to check this: Have a person trained in applied behavior analysis read the description and then act out the procedure in detail. If the person makes any mistakes or has to ask any questions then the description needs improvement.</p>
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Conceptually Systematic:</u></strong> Behavior analysis should not simply produce a list of effective interventions. Rather, to the extent possible, these methods should be grounded in behavioral principles. This is aided by the use of theoretically meaningful terms, such as "secondary reinforcement" or "errorless discrimination" where appropriate.</p>
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Effective:</u></strong> Though analytic methods should be theoretically grounded, they must be effective. If an intervention does not produce a large enough effect for practical use, then the analysis has failed</p>
                            
                            <p><strong><u>Generality:</u></strong> Behavior analysts should aim for interventions that are generally applicable; the methods should work in different environments, apply to more than one specific behavior, and have long-lasting effects.</p>
                            
                       
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